Overall Red alert Tropical Cyclone for BUALOI-25
in Viet Nam, Philippines, Laos

Event summary

Tropical Cyclone BUALOI-25 can have a high humanitarian impact based on the maximum sustained wind speed, exposed population and vulnerability.

GDACS ID TC 1001214
Name BUALOI-25
Glide number: TC-2025-000179-VNM
From - To 23 Sep - 28 Sep
Exposed countries Viet Nam, Philippines, Laos
Exposed population 6.9 million in Category 1 or higher
Maximum wind speed 148 km/h Category 1
Maximum storm surge 2 m (28 Sep 19:00 UTC)
Vulnerability High (Vietnam)

GDACS Score

For more info on GDACS alert score click here.
Wind Storm surge Rainfall GDACS score
GDACS JTWC 148 km/h 2 m n.a. 2.5
Single TC: maximum expected impact (wind, storm surge, rainfall)
HWRF n.a n.a. n.a. n.a.
GFS 187 km/h 2.7 m 292 mm 1.5
ECMWF 209 km/h 2.5 m 2992 mm 1.5
Maximum expected impact (wind, storm surge and rainfall) using different data sources.
Virtual OSOCC
Meteo assessment
Satellite products
Analytical products
Philippines, Viet Nam - Tropical cyclone BUALOI, update (ECHO 30 Sep 2025)Thu, 25 Sep 2025 10:59

  • The newly formed tropical cyclone BUALOI - named Opong in the Philippines - is moving northwest toward central Philippines. On 25 September at 0.00 UTC, its centre was located 383 km east of Samar Island’s eastern coast, with maximum sustained winds of 102 km/h (tropical storm).
  • BUALOI is expected to continue northwest and may make landfall over southern Luzon Island between 25 and 26 September. It will subsequently cross central and northern Philippines - particularly southern Luzon and Mindoro - from 26 to 27 September, bringing heavy rain and strong winds. After that, it will continue north-west over the South China sea and it could make landfall over north-eastern Viet Nam on 29-30 September.
  • On 26-28 September, heavy to very heavy rainfall and strong winds are forecast across most of central and northern Philippines. Extreme flood warnings are in effect for eastern Luzon.

 

Philippines, Viet Nam - Tropical cyclone BUALOI, update (ECHO 01 Oct 2025)Fri, 26 Sep 2025 09:48

  • Tropical cyclone BUALOI (named "Opong" in the Philippines) made landfall over the eastern Samar Island, central Visayas, central Philippines on late in the afternoon (UTC) of 25 September with maximum sustained winds of 102 km/h (tropical storm). On 26 September at 0.00 UTC its centre was located over the western Masbate island, central Visayas, with maximum sustained winds of 111 km/h (tropical storm).
  • The passage of BUALOI over central Philippines caused very heavy rainfall, strong winds, floods and landslides. NDRRMC reports, as of 26 September, 14 fatalities, two missing, 17 injured, more than 50,300 displaced people and a total of approximately 1.21 million affected people.
  • BUALOI is expected to pass over western Visayas on 26 September, slightly strengthening, with maximum sustained winds up to 120 km/h (typhoon). After that, it is forecast to continue north-west over the South China Sea and to make landfall over northern Viet Nam on 28 September with maximum sustained winds up to 148 km/h.
  • Over the next 48 hours, very heavy rainfall, strong winds and storm surges are forecast for the central Philippines and the whole of Viet Nam.
Philippines, Viet Nam, Thailand - Tropical cyclone BUALOI, update (ECHO 04 Oct 2025)Mon, 29 Sep 2025 10:06

  • Tropical cyclone BUALOI made its second landfall in central-northern Viet Nam over the area of Ky Anh town (Ha Tinh province) on 28 September around 18.00 UTC, with maximum sustained winds up to 155 km/h (typhoon). On 29 September at 6.00 UTC, its centre was located approximately over the border area between northern Viet Nam and north-eastern Laos, with maximum sustained winds of 93 km/h (tropical storm).
  • BUALOI's passage over the Philippines, combined with previous tropical cyclones and the ongoing Southwest monsoon, caused very heavy rainfall, floods and landslides, resulting in 27 fatalities, 16 missing, 33 injured, around 190,800 displaced and approximately 3.42 million affected people.
  • In Thailand, seven fatalities, around 100,000 displaced and nearly 270,000 affected people were reported. In Viet Nam, nine fatalities, an uncertain number of displaced people and over 30 isolated villages were reported, mainly due to landslides.
  • BUALOI is expected to continue moving north-west over northern Laos on 29 September, further weakening and dissipating over eastern Myanmar on 30 September.
  • Over the next 72 hours, very heavy rainfall is forecast over central and northern Viet Nam, most of Laos, and central, eastern and northern Thailand.
BUALOI-25 - EC/ECHO daily mapMon, 29 Sep 2025 17:31

A new EC/ECHO daily map is now available
Philippines, Viet Nam, Thailand - Tropical cyclone BUALOI, update (ECHO 05 Oct 2025)Tue, 30 Sep 2025 09:28

  • On 29 September, tropical cyclone BUALOI continued moving north-west over northern Laos, further weakening into a tropical depression in the border area between Laos and eastern Myanmar on 30 September very early in the morning (UTC).
  • The passage of BUALOI over the Philippines (combined with the previous tropical cyclones and the ongoing Southwest monsoon) caused very heavy rainfall, floods and landslides. According to the NDRRMC, as of 30 September, the death toll stands at 27 fatalities, with 16 missing persons and 33 injured people. In addition, around 188,600 currently displaced people and approximately 3.53 million affected people were reported.
  • In Viet Nam, the IFRC reports 19 fatalities, 13 still missing people, 92 injured people, 28,000 displaced people and around 467,000 affected people.
  • In Thailand, the severe weather caused by BUALOI resulted in seven fatalities, around 100,000 displaced people and nearly 269,351 affected people.
  • Over the next 72 hours, very heavy rainfall is still forecast over central and northern Viet Nam, all of Laos, central and northern Thailand, and most of Myanmar.
Laos, Viet Nam, Thailand, Philippines - Tropical cyclone BUALOI, update (ECHO 06 Oct 2025)Wed, 01 Oct 2025 11:27

  • On 30 September, very early in the morning (UTC), tropical depression BUALOI dissipated over the border area between north-western Laos and eastern Myanmar.
  • Its passage over the Philippines (combined with the previous tropical cyclones and the ongoing Southwest monsoon) caused very heavy rainfall, floods and landslides. The NDRRMC reports, as of 1 October, 37 fatalities, 14 still missing persons and 41 injured people. In addition, around 122,900 currently displaced people (of whom 81,750 are across 1,123 evacuation centres) and approximately 4.12 million affected people were reported.
  • In Laos, the ADINet reports, as of the same date, two fatalities and a total of over 10,100 affected people. In Viet Nam, the same source reports 26 fatalities, 22 still missing people, 105 injured people, and nearly 598,700 affected people. In Thailand, the IFRC reports eight fatalities and more than 293,600 affected people.
  • Over the next 48 hours, very heavy rainfall is still forecast over central and northern Viet Nam, central and northern Laos, central and northern Thailand, and most of Myanmar.
Philippines, Viet Nam, Laos, Thailand - Tropical cyclone BUALOI, update (ECHO 08 Oct 2025)Fri, 03 Oct 2025 10:08

  • The passage of the tropical cyclone BUALOI over the Philippines on 25-26 September and over Viet Nam, Laos, and Thailand on 28-30 September caused very heavy rainfall, floods and landslides that resulted in casualties and damage.
  • In the Philippines, NDRRMC reports as of 3 October - combined with the previous tropical cyclones and the ongoing Southwest monsoon - 40 fatalities, 15 missing persons and 41 injured people. In addition, around 96,450 currently displaced people and approximately 4.58 million affected people were reported.
  • In Viet Nam, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) report as of the same date, 36 fatalities, 21 missing people, 147 injured, 59,890 displaced and 588,266 affected people. In Laos, ADINet reports two fatalities and 10,124 affected people. In Thailand, the IFRC report eight fatalities and 293,626 affected people.
  • Over the next 24 hours, very heavy rainfall is still forecast over central and northern Viet Nam, central and northern Laos, central and northern Thailand, and most of Myanmar.
Detailed event map. European Union, 2025. Map produced by EC-JRC.
The boundaries and the names shown on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the European Union.

Updates on volcanic activity (Smithsonian)

Latest media headlines

Vietnam se moviliza ante el rápido y poderoso tifón BUALOI 9/26/2025 12:23:00 PM.

Hanoi (VNA)- Las autoridades vietnamitas han activado todos los protocolos de emergencia ante la inminente llegada del tifón BUALOI, la décima tormenta tropical del año, que se prevé impacte con fuerza extrema en la costa centro-norte del p
...(more)
Razorna oluja nosi sve pred sobom: Vetrovi "kidaju" preko 100 kilometa.. 9/26/2025 6:25:00 AM.

Oluja Bualoi , lokalno nazvana Opong, stigla je do kopna u gradu San Polikarpo u provinciji Istocni Samar kasno sinoc sa vetrovima koji duvaju brzinom od 110 kilometara na cas, izazvavi poplave, prekide u snabdevanju strujom i dva manja kli
...(more)
FLASH UPDATE: No. 03 – Tropical Cyclones RAGASA & BUALOI – 25 Septembe.. 9/26/2025 1:39:00 AM.

OVERVIEW: According to NCHMF , Tropical Cyclone RAGASA has weakened into a low pressure area this afternoon and continues to weaken over Quang Ninh area in Northern Viet Nam. Meanwhile, according to PAGASA , as of 25 September 2025 at 1900H
...(more)

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Estimated casualties (PAGER)

USGS estimates the number of casualties for each earthquake for the Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) product.
The graph shows the current fatalities estimate.

Exposed population

Data, images, links, services and documents

For this events, GDACS has links to information from the following sources: EC-JRC (40), (2), DesInventar (1), WMO (1), INFORM (2),