Overall Red alert Volcanic eruption for Semeru
in Indonesia

Event summary

RED alert: The Semeru Volcanic eruption is unlikely to require external humanitarian assistance based on the exposed population and coping capacity.

GDACS ID VO 1000125
Name: Semeru (263300)
Glide number: VO-2025-000206-IDN
Lat/Lon: -8.11 , 112.92
Event Date: 24 Nov 2025 UTC
Exposed Population 30km: About 1230000 people within 30km
Exposed Population 100km: About 19970000 people within 100km
Max Volc. Explosivity Index VEI: 3
Population Exposure Index PEI: 5
Inserted at: 25 Nov 2025 10:31 UTC

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Virtual OSOCC
Meteo assessment
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Indonesia - Volcanic eruption (ECHO 25 Nov 2025)Thu, 20 Nov 2025 10:23

  • On 19 November at approximately 9:00 UTC, a massive volcanic explosion occurred at Mount Semeru in East Java Province. The eruption produced a large ash column, and a pyroclastic flow travelled less than 13 km through the southeastern drainage system.
  • Initial reports from national authorities indicate that three villages in affected sub-districts were impacted. Around 300 residents from Oro-oro and Sutipurang villages were temporarily displaced to two evacuation sites, while additional evacuees were relocated from Penanggal Village.
  • The volcanic alert level has been raised to its highest level, meaning that people are advised not to enter within an 8 km radius of the crater and to avoid all activities in the southeast sector along Besuk Kobokan, extending up to 20 km from the summit.

Indonesia - Volcanic eruption, update (ECHO 30 Nov 2025)Tue, 25 Nov 2025 10:07

  • Following the huge eruption on 19 November, the Semeru volcano remains active. On 24 November, an ash plume reached up to 1 km above the summit, according to MAGMA Indonesia.
  • The ASEAN Disaster Information Network (ADINet) reports that three people were injured, and 528 individuals remain displaced across two evacuation centers following the 19 November eruption.
  • The volcanic alert level remains at its highest, meaning people are advised not to enter within an 8 km radius of the crater and to avoid all activities in the southeast sector along Besuk Kobokan, extending up to 20 km from the summit.

Volcano Semeru - EC/ECHO daily mapTue, 25 Nov 2025 17:14

A new EC/ECHO daily map is now available
Detailed event map. European Union, 2025. Map produced by EC-JRC.
The boundaries and the names shown on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the European Union.

Updates on volcanic activity (Smithsonian)

The Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report provides information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Latest Semeru report has been published on 30 Sep 2025 10:08.
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that activity continued at Semeru during 24-30 September, with daily eruptive events recorded by the seismic network. Daily white-and-gray or gray ash plumes rose 400-900 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 3 km away from the summit in all directions, 8 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 13 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards. Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
See the detail here

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Estimated casualties (PAGER)

USGS estimates the number of casualties for each earthquake for the Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) product.
The graph shows the current fatalities estimate.

Exposed population

Data, images, links, services and documents

For this events, GDACS has links to information from the following sources: EC-JRC (32), (2), INGV (2), DesInventar (1), WMO (1), INFORM (2), JSR (1),